![]() ![]() If the solder paste and the ball have the same alloy mixture there will be little to indicate any change. The gold will have gone in to solution during the original ball attachment process. As the solder ball is already attached to the package, this will result in a change in the thickness of the intermetallic layer between the alloy of the ball and the nickel. Ball drop could also occur and has been seen on BGAs running over a wave soldering system with top side preheat, however the ball may not be round but rather elongated when examined.ĭuring normal reflow, low temperature balls will become liquid and be in a liquid state for a period of time during reflow. The appearance of the ball or solder will also look different if separated in air or nitrogen environments. This would happen if in a liquid state the solder surfaces are stretched and separated. If the balls drop during reflow or rework, the surface of the pad will probably still be perfectly wetted with solder. In the case of drop testing or shear testing the failure site will have a hard fractured surface on the pad and the ball. Section of a ball separating from the packageĮach type of ball drop can generally be illustrated by the way the ball separates from the surface of the package termination pads. Either lack of flux, poor pad solderability or ball oxidisation could be the root cause of this problem.įigure 2. ![]() The gold-plated pads are still clearly visible, indicating that the balls were never soldered to the BGA pad. Automatic optical inspection is used along with sample shear testing of the ball-to-substrate interface after reflow.įigure 1 shows the loss of two balls from a BGA. This is less common today due to the control of area array manufacturing processes and the quality control procedures in component assembly lines. Other literature defines it as 'Balls separating from the package interface during drop testing, vibration, flexure or temperature cycling.' Obviously this is the point of doing environmental testing: to find the weakness of the interconnection or prove the reliability of the joints.īalls frequently separated from the package in the early years of BGA use during handling and placement. It can be difficult to detect even under package optical or X-ray inspection as the separation gap can be extremely small.įirst, it is important to define what 'dropped ball' really means in practice: 'Dropped ball – the loss of one or more balls from the base of an area array component and found during inspection of the component or after first or second side reflow.' This seems appropriate as a definition but many people may have a different description. This type of defect can be found at different stages in the manufacturing process depending on its root cause. Over the last few years I have been asked to examine examples of ball grid array (BGA) defects which are referred to as dropped ball. Bob Willis, process engineering consultant ![]()
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![]() ![]() And for them, writes modern scholar Stephanie Shirilan, Burton’s “ecstatic study” posits wonder and the “transformative power of the imagination” as the healthy alternative to the doldrums of dry-as-dust philosophizing, airless “spiritual rumination,” and institutional stagnation. One of Burton’s main themes is the melancholy of scholars like himself. Allegorical frontispiece to Robert Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy (1676 ed.) via Wikimedia Commons Chief among the latter was Burton’s own: activity, in his case, studying and thinking about the condition, writing through to a solution. ![]() The result is an enormous, shambling anthology about melancholy, its causes (pretty much everything) and its cures (also voluminous). The Anatomy is a Frankenstein’s creature cobbled together from bits and pieces of knowledge from innumerable sources. Think of it as the first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or a very early therapeutic how-to. Subsequent editions during his life expanded the book to over a thousand pages (1,324 pages in this new Penguin Classics edition, including notes). His life work was the monumental The Anatomy of Melancholy, first published 400 years ago this year. A malady that “begins in sorrow” must be “expelled in hilarity.”īurton spent almost his entire life at Oxford as a student and then scholar. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() No sales tax except on orders shipped to Georgia, Mississippi, or Oklahoma. Please return the shoes in the original vendor shoe box, but DO NOT use the vendor shoe box as your return box.Ĭustomer Service Office Hours: M-F, 9:00AM - 5:00PM EST - Sales Tax Be sure to include your original receipt or packing slip and an explanation to either exchange the items or request a refund. Rather, simply send us back your unworn items to the address below using your choice of shipping method (FedEx, UPS, or USPO, etc.). There is no need for a return authorization number or other form. Dual-density, podiatrist-certified, women-specific LUVSEAT polyurethane footbeds offer all-day comfort and support with a softer 5 mm top layer for extra. A refund will be issued within a few business days of receiving the return. Double-strap polyester Jacquard webbing uppers and high-tensile webbing heel risers with ladderlock buckles wrap around the feet and through the midsoles for a customized fit. It is imperative that the shoes are returned in the same condition as you received them. Double-strapped polyester jacquard webbing upper wraps around the foot and through the midsole for a customized fit Toe loop for secure movement Womens. If you are not satisfied with your purchase, you can exchange or return your unworn and resaleable items for a full refund within 30 days of the receipt date. ![]() Please try your shoes on a carpeted surface and save the box and packaging. CHACO Z/CLOUD X2 SANDAL - WOMENS Want your Classic Sandals with pillow-top comfort Introducing the travel-ready Z/Cloud series, featuring a custom. In some cases, the nature of the item means that it is non-returnable, for example, due to hygiene/health and personal care/wellness/consumable nature of the product.Shipping is free for customers in the continental United States on orders above $59.99. Office Products and Wireless Returns Policy New electronic items fulfilled by Amazon AU can be returned for change of mind, for a replacement or a full refund of the purchase cost of the item within 30 days of receipt of delivery.For information about returning faulty electronics please see Returning Faulty Items. Please see our Amazon Global Store Returns policy and Refunds policy for more information about returning Amazon Global Store items.Ĭamera, Electronics and PC Returns Policy Please see About Marketplace Returns & Refunds for details on Seller returns policies. To return faulty items see our Returning Faulty Items policy.įor items ordered on from a seller that fulfils and ships its own inventory (also called a third party seller), any returns will be in accordance with the returns policy set by that seller (not the Amazon AU returns policies). This change of mind return policy is in addition to, and does not affect your rights under the Australian Consumer Law including any rights you may have in respect of faulty items. Unless otherwise stated, original shipping fees for change of mind returns are not refunded. Please Contact Us and see About Items That Can’t Be Returned. In some circumstances, these items may be eligible for a refund or a replacement (for example, if you receive the wrong item due to an Amazon AU error or if the item is faulty). In some cases, the nature of the item means that it is non-returnable, for example, due to hygiene/health and personal care/wellness/consumable nature of the product. You can return most new, unopened items fulfilled by Amazon AU within 30 days of receipt of delivery for a replacement or full refund of the price you paid for the item if you change your mind - see About Replacements and About Refunds. ![]() ![]() ![]() RESPONSIVE & AGILE: Everything from the lightweight monocoque aluminum frame to the wind-tunnel-tested aerodynamic bodywork of the Ninja® ZX™-14R ABS motorcycle was designed to deliver exceptional handling.First featured on a mass-production model on the 2000 Ninja® ZX™-12R, this original Kawasaki technology has evolved and can be found on some of our large-displacement flagship models. In an era where steel pipe frames were the norm, the aluminum monocoque frame that debuted on the KR500 took the world by surprise. The aluminum monocoque frame was originally developed by Kawasaki in the 1980s for their World Grand Prix works racer. Especially on large-displacement models, the slim chassis design of the aluminum monocoque frame contributes to ease of riding. Further, because the frame does not run beneath or alongside the engine, the chassis can be made very compact. In addition to being made from lightweight materials, its main section also acts as the air cleaner box and battery box, enabling parts to be reduced for even greater weight savings. Joining the engine and front and rear suspension units, the hollow box-style frame envelops the engine from above. Originally conceived by Kawasaki engineers, it uses the engine as a fixed member so that chassis rigidity is formed not only by the frame, but the combination of the frame and engine together. Kawasaki's monocoque frame is a hollow composite of aluminum parts. ![]() Models equipped with IMU incorporate chassis-orientation feedback to offer even more precise management. In the more intrusive modes (and for some models, in any mode), when excessive wheel spin is detected, engine output is reduced to allow grip to be regained, effectively enabling riders to negotiate both short, slippery patches (train tracks or manhole covers) and extended stretches of bad roads (wet pavement, cobblestone, gravel) with confidence. And because Kawasaki’s sophisticated software bases its dynamic analysis on the chassis’ orientation relative to the track surface (rather than relative to a horizontal plane), it is able to take into account corner camber, gradient, etc., and adapt accordingly. ![]() Designed with sport riding in mind, they facilitate acceleration out of corners by maximizing forward drive from the rear wheel. Less intrusive modes maintain optimum traction during cornering. Multiple rider-selectable modes (the number of modes varies by model) offer progressively greater levels of intrusion to suit the riding situation and rider preference. KTRC, Kawasaki's advanced traction control system provides both enhanced sport riding performance and the peace of mind to negotiate slippery surfaces with confidence. Further, keeping fuel consumption low also helps minimize negative impact on the environment. While effective vehicle speed and engine speed may vary by model, paying attention to conditions that cause the "ECO" mark to appear can help riders improve their fuel efficiency – a handy way to increase cruising range. By riding so that the "ECO" mark remains on, fuel consumption can be reduced. fuel efficiency is high), an "ECO" mark appears on the instrument panel's LCD screen. When fuel consumption is low for a given speed (i.e. The system continuously monitors fuel consumption, regardless of vehicle speed, engine speed, throttle position and other riding conditions. The Economical Riding Indicator is a function that indicates when current riding conditions are consuming a low amount of fuel. However, fuel consumption is greatly affected by throttle use, gear selection, and other elements under the rider's control. Using high-precision electronic control for engine management, Kawasaki models can achieve a high level of fuel efficiency. ![]() ![]() The Buenos Aires tetra will not harass smaller fish and will only become scared if the other fish are significantly bigger than them and/or are bigger and boisterous. Otherwise, these tetras are fine with most other fish, even slightly larger fish. The Buenos Aires Tetra will eat smaller creatures such as brine shrimp, and even it’s own young. Ideally, try putting in some sturdy plants like vallisneria, anubias, and Java fern.īuenos Aires tetras do not like hard water, specifically the phosphates and nitrates that build up as the water evaporates over time. Try to replace the water on a semi-regular basis (set up a routine), aiming to replace around 50% of the water every other week. Consider cleaning out more thoroughly if your aquarium is densely stocked.īasic flooring or bedding substrate is suitable for Buenos Aires tetras, and you should buy a lid for your tank. During exuberant darting sessions, Buenos Aires tetras have been known to jump high out of their tanks, and even jump over the sides to land on the floor. Tank flora can be an interesting toy for a Buenos Aires tetra if you do not mind losing a few of the plants from time to time. Aquarium decorations such as rocks and places to explore will help to keep the fish active. ![]() Normal aquarium lighting is fine, and room temperatures are okay too. A 20 gallon tank is best for Buenos Aires tetras. The Buenos Aires Tetra is a highly active fish and requires a sizable open swimming space. These fish are durable because in the wild they live in conditions that can change very quickly from blisteringly hot to room temperature, or from storms to calm weather. Monitoring the water temperature and PH are things you will need to consider. Though these are suitable conditions in which to put the fish, Buenos Aires tetras are fine in several other conditions. If you want to breed this fish, then knowing how to manage water chemistry in your aquarium is essential. The natural freshwater that Buenos Aires tetras normally live in is slightly acidic and warm. There is also an adjustment period for the fish as they acclimatize to the water conditions of your tank. The fish’s biggest problems are almost always during the transition from somebody else’s fish tank to your tank. The most common problem is that the fish arrives with dirty or diseased water, especially if the fish has been traveling through the post for days.īuenos Aires tetras may arrive with parasites or types of hostile algae. The Buenos Aires tetra is not prone to certain diseases or ailments. They don’t swim in a school, and they don’t actively play in their tank.Ī Buenos Aires tetra at play may appear like it is having a stress reaction as it will dart around its tank for no reason and act in an odd manner. However, this is just the fish being boisterous, which sometimes happens without any prompting. As the fish ages, this happens less, but changing the scenery outside and inside the tank from time to time can reinvigorate the fish into getting excited again.īuenos Aires tetras may explore the surface of the tank at length, but too much activity near the water’s surface may suggest the water is not aerated enough.īuenos Aires tetras are not prone to diseases, but most die shortly after being bought, usually because they arrive in dirty or algae-infected water that contaminates the rest of the tank. ![]() They may become stressed if they are placed in tanks with significantly larger fish. If stressed, Buenos Aires tetras cower. They will start biting things if they are not well-fed, but are otherwise peaceful and domesticated fish.īuenos Aires tetras will not become territorial, nor will they harass smaller fish. ![]() Buenos Aires tetras are not aggressive fish. ![]() ![]() ![]() Non-UK residents who do not have an existing Barclays BTL mortgage.SPV Limited Companies or LLPs who are not existing Woolwich BTL customers.Private individuals with diplomatic immunity.Existing Barclays Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) customers. ![]() Existing Barclays Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) Limited Company customers. ![]() (For non-UK residents only those who already hold a Barclays BTL mortgage). All applicants need to declare their allowable income from all sources, and give us sufficient evidence to support the lending proposition, where we’ve asked for this. This applies to both personal covenant and the assessment of personal solvency. See the income types we allow and the verification requirements . Income from self-employment - please note that rental income generated from a property portfolio can not be used.Unearned income from Trust funds/ Investments.Gross income can be made up from the following: For joint applications, at least one applicant must earn £25,000.įor individual loans above £1m a minimum gross annual personal/earned income of £75,000 per annum is required (for joint applications, the two primary applicants must earn £100,000 where neither applicant earns £75,000). Your applicant must have a minimum gross annual income of £25,000. NOTE: For further advance borrowing, the affordability rate current at the time of assessment must be applied to the total borrowing after accounting for any increase in lending.īTL applications in a sole name, which fail solvency, can be considered where a joint residential mortgage – with no evidence of arrears history – is held by Barclays. However, where historic, underwriters can consider such mortgage requests, provided clear rationale is provided to support any lending decision.Īll applicants are required to pass an income affordability test which includes earned and rental income, income tax liability (including BTL mortgage interest relief), credit commitments including residential mortgage payment, existing and applied for BTL mortgage payment, other costs associated with the rental property, essential expenditure and living costs. In all instances, you should check client affordability prior to submitting a case by completing the BTL affordability calculator.įull details must be input in MAX including all outstanding residential and/or other Buy to Let mortgages. A maximum of 4 applicants will be assessed if an affordability assessment is required, although we only consider the 2 highest incomes. Lines are open Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm.Īny applicant who is known to have had any mortgaged property repossessed should normally be declined. If this is the case, please contact the Intermediary Business Centre on 03 * to discuss whether we will be able to assist. However, this decision could be changed if there is an acceptable 'technical' reason, or if evidence of a settled dispute is provided and verified by the lender. If arrears of more than one month have occurred in the past 6 months or 3 months' arrears have occurred in the past 2 years, the case is outside lending policy and is to be declined. If payment arrangements are identified in the credit search that are still running or have ended less than 1 year prior to the time of application, the case must be declined. Arrears of 2 or more months on any one account in the past 6 months.It is not acceptable to lend if we are aware that any applicant is currently bankrupt or subject to a DRO or IVA.Īny adverse credit identified, as detailed below, must be declined ![]() Lending to a customer with a history of bankruptcy or who has been the subject of a Debt Relief Order (DRO) or an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) can be considered, provided any bankruptcy, DRO or IVA was registered more than 6 years prior to the date of submission of any mortgage application and no longer shows on the credit reference bureau information. *Includes partially settled defaults which will be referred out to check whether full and final settlement has been made.Īpplications can be considered where the above is identified but only where documentary evidence of a settled dispute has been provided by the customer.
![]() Pela sua ficção apresentaremos questões que permeiam seu cotidiano e que são representadas no seu livro. Médico psiquiatra, político e escritor, publica pela primeira vez o romance em 1942. Resumo: Para este texto pretendemos abordar alguns aspectos contidos em uma das obras literárias de Dyonélio Machado, O Louco do Cati. The novels under examination here, A Mind at Peace by Tanpınar (1949, 2008 English translation), The Black Book by Pamuk (1990, 1994 2006 English translation) and Istanbul Istanbul by Sönmez (2015, 2016 English translation) depict the individual’s search for the self at a specific historical moment of modern Turkey, problematizing the past, present, and future of the nation-state. In this paper, I focus on three novels by three internationally acclaimed authors from Turkey, namely Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Orhan Pamuk and Burhan Sönmez, so as to examine the spatial representation of Istanbul at the intersection of national and world literature. In this paper, I contend that Istanbul, for several authors from Turkey, emerges as an important novelistic element and character so much so that it, on the one hand, enables them to discuss the possibilities and limits of the national literature and on the other hand becomes a venue for recognition as part of world literary studies. If Istanbul serves as the main ground for mapping out the anxieties about the national culture, it also provides the opportunity to reach beyond the national boundaries with its multi-layered and cosmopolitan past. ![]() When we consider Turkish literary history, construction of a national literary tradition reveals a close engagement with the West and Western modernity, often resulting in epistemological and ontological questions about the self searching for their place in the world. ![]() As the cultural capital of both the Ottoman Empire and Republic of Turkey, Istanbul has assumed a central role in the literary imagination of the cultural legacy of the imperial past and the modern nation-state. ![]() ![]() ![]() Arch Linux was first released on March 11, 2002, and was created to be a minimalist distribution. Instead of being GUI- (Graphical User Interface) or TUI- (Text User Interface) based, Arch has to be installed using the command line.Arch Linux. One of the main differences with respect to other distributions is the installation process. Created 226k Members 321 Online Filter by flair SUPPORT Related Communities Moderators Learn MoreArch Linux is one of the most cutting-edge Linux distributions, whose focus is on minimalism and customization. Download memes from reddit in parallel so that you …A subreddit for the Arch Linux user community for support and useful news. Only uses pure shell scripting, no python, javascript, etc. That takes some time and effort but it is surely achievable.A simple shell script that downloads reddit videos given a post url as an mp4. You may also install a desktop environment or windows manager of your choice on your Arch system. With some effort, you can install Arch Linux. ![]() ![]() Interface: A great to-do app must have an easy to use interface. In order to avoid the ambiguity around the different to-do apps on the market and only discuss the best-of-the-best, we have covered the tools with the following features and functionalities:ġ. But, before jumping into our list of Wunderlist alternatives, it’s a good idea to first categorize what makes a to-do app great…Įvery to-do app is different yet similar in some ways. No matter what you are looking for, you are bound to find it on this list. ![]() Some tools on this list are for professionals and teams, while others are casual and fun. ![]() This is why we tried to keep our list of Wunderlist alternatives as broad as possible, catering to every person’s needs and wants. Then there are those who need a to-do app for office purposes and need to collaborate with their peers to create a joint to-do list. While some look for a blank canvas with no distraction to write their to-dos, others need a flashy tool with all the latest features. To save you hours and days of Google searching and trying out new apps, we have curated a list of awesome Wunderlist alternatives for you.Įvery person has a different style of jotting their to-dos and notes and thus, requires a tool based on their specific requirement. Having said that, there are a ton of Wunderlist alternatives out there that can fill that void in your life. If you were a heavy Wunderlist user and are devasted to see it go, we can feel your pain. Since then, Microsoft has slowly phased out Wunderlist in favor of its own to-do app called ” Microsoft To Do”. It had over 10 million users back in 2014, before getting acquired by Microsoft in June 2015. ![]() Since its conception in 2011, Wunderlist has gained millions of fans worldwide, helping them organize their lives using the to-do app. Here’s some bad news- Wunderlist just took its last breath on May 6th, 2020, and is no longer available for use. ![]() ![]() ![]() Its automatic face detection makes the processing easy, and that works better than in previous versions. You can also independently change the sizes of the eyes and slim down the face. It smoothens skin, removes blemishes, whitens and brightens eyes, changes lip color intensity, removes dark shadows beneath the eyes, and cleans teeth better than any toothpaste. The portrait section of On1 Photo Raw 2021 has always been a strong point of the On1 arsenal. On1 make some fantastic tutorial and support videos, and clicking here will take you to a good one showing how this feature works. While on the topic of masking, this new version brings with it a line mask tool, similar in functionality to Photoshops pen tool. Also, the color of the sky needs to match the white balance of the land. The replacement sky really needs to be shot at the same angle to the sun as the original photo. ![]() Not all the filters are my cup of tea nor suited to my style of work – I don’t use textures nor add film grain, nor do I add borders to my photos – but some are tremendous and can add oomph to how your images look.Ī handy hint: Whether using On1 or any editing tool, do take care when changing skies. For example, Dynamic Contrast gives results like the Structure slider is Silver Efex Pro. ![]() Some of these filters do a great job when you have learned how to use them. In On1 Effects they are editing tools where you can add fully adjustable, blendable, and maskable layers, similar to Photoshop's adjustment layers with sensible starting points to work from. When anyone mentions filters in digital editing, I think of the horrible effects available on Instagram. If you are a Lightroom user, you can export all your adjustments from there into the develop module. Most of the sliders are similar to Adobe’s, but with the addition of a midtones slider. The develop feature has raw adjustment sliders that are similar in looks to Lightroom or ACR, but have a far more accurate and gentle touch to them than Adobe’s offering. Following on with the lovechild analogy, it inherited from the best bits of Lightroom and Serif Affinity, after they had a ménage à quatre with Nik and Photoshop: Develop With the Browse Module, you can either navigate through the file system, as you would with Adobe Bridge, or use the catalog to rate, tag, sort, and then find images as you would with Lightroom. If you have a large catalog, then it’s a long process, but you can continue working as the changeover progresses. Pleasingly, when moving from Lightroom to On1, you can import the collections across into On1’s Albums. You can use it like a file browser, or a catalog to access your folders and images. ![]() The Browse module seems like the result of a fling between Adobe Lightroom and Bridge. You can quickly and seamlessly jump between different modules in this single app, carrying out actions that would otherwise be spread over several programs. It’s an asset management, raw development, and photo editing tool with extra bells, whistles, and drums. I think of each module is the lovechild of other software, inheriting the best aspects of each parent Lightroom, Photoshop, Affinity, Topaz DeNoise, and the Nik Collection all rolled into one. I need to decide if I am ready to completely change my way of working. It’s come a long way since then and, for a lot of photographers, it has become a viable alternative to Lightroom and Photoshop. I’ve used On1 alongside other software for many years, going right back to the early versions of Perfect Effects and Genuine Fractals. I’ve been on the verge of permanently swapping from Lightroom and Photoshop to On1 Photo Raw for a long time. ![]() |
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